NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENT
Journal of the Faculties of Science and Agriculture, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

ISSN: 1119-9008
DOI: 10.5987/UJ-NJSE
Email: njse@universityjournals.org


ANTI-INFLAMATORY ACTIVITY OF ROOT EXTRACT OF RAPHIOSTYLIS BENINNIENSIS

DOI: 10.5987/UJ-NJSE.17.073.3   |   Article Number: 11CD8A1   |   Vol.10 (3) - December 2011

Authors:  Nduka R. C. , Iwueke A. V , Okoli C. O. , Iheanacho K. M. , Ojiako O. A. and Muoebonam H. M.

Keywords: Raphiostylis beninniensis, anti-inflammatory, inflammation

The anti-inflammatory activity of the methanol root extract of Raphiostylis beninniensis Dalziel (Icacinaceae) (RbE) was investigated using experimental animal models. The methanol extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) inhibited (50 and 92.5% respectively) systemic acute rat paw oedema induced by egg albumin after 5h in a dose-dependent manner. The higher dose caused an effect higher than that of 50 mg/kg piroxicam ( 57%). In chronic inflammation models, RbE (200 and 400mg/kg) showed a significant (p<0.05) non-dose-dependent inhibition of both cotton pellet granuloma formation and formaldehyde-induced arthritis in rats. Evaluation of the acute toxicity and lethality of the extract in mice revealed an oral and i.p LD50 of 3808 mg/kg and 17.55mg/kg respectively. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, glycosides resins as well as reducing sugars and carbohydrates. The results indicate that RBE has anti-inflammatory effect in both acute and chronic inflammation which is consistent with the folkloric use of the plant in the management of disorders of inflammation.

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